Comparaison du mecanisme de l'action cardiotonique de la fraction 3 de mai- boa et de la digoxine sur le cour isole de rat

MAI-BAO est une boisson issue de la fermentation du the Camela sinensis sucre par le Champignon The-tresor. La fraction chromatographique no3 de MAI-BAO (MB-F3 ou F3) exerce un effet cardiotonique.But gomparaison du mecanisme d'activite cardiotonique de MB-F3 et de la Digoxine (Dx) chez le rat. Materiels et Methodes : MB-F3 obtenue par chromatographie sur gel sephadex G-50 et la digoxine sont utilisees pour perfuser le coeur isole de rat dont les contractions sont enregistrees avec le dispositif de Langendhorff. Le mecanisme biochimique de l'action cardiaque de MB-F3 et Dx est determine par dosage du phosphore selon la methode de Sumner. Resultats : MB-F3 exerce un effet cardiotonique inferieur a celui de Dx (P0;05) avec des Doses efficaces 50respectives de 1mg/ml et 10-6mg/ml. Par ailleurs; MB-F3 exerce une inhibition competitive inferieure a celle de Dx (P0;05) sur l'ATPase-Na+/K+.Conclusion : MB-F3 exerce une action digitalique-like inferieure a celle de Dx sur le coeur de rat

In vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to Monodesethylamodiaquine; Quinine; Mefloquine and Halofantrine in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire)

Background: Malaria is the primary cause of hospitalization in Ctte d'Ivoire. Early treatment is one of the strategies to control this illness. However; the spread of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs can seriously compromise this strategy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum to monodesethylamodiaquine and aminoalcohols in Abidjan (Ctte d'Ivoire). Methods: We assessed the in vitro susceptibility of isolates collected from patients with uncomplicated malaria by using the WHO optical microtest technique. Results: The proportions of resistance to monodesethylamodiaquine; m?floquine and halofantrine were 12.5; 15.6and 25.9; respectively. For quinine; none of isolates showed evidence of in vitro resistance. However; two isolates (6.1) had IC 50 values above 300 nM. The IC 50 of each drug was positively and significantly correlated to that of the other three drugs; and the correlation was higher between halofantrine and mefloquine. Conclusions: Our results showed that the in vitro chloroquine resistance reported in previous studies has been extended to other antimalarial drugs investigated in this study except for quinine. Therefore; it is necessary to implement a long-term monitoring system of antimalarial drug resistance. 15.6and 25.9; respectively. For quinine; none of isolates showed evidence of in vitro resistance. However; two isolates (6.1) had IC 50 values above 300 nM. The IC 50 of each drug was positively and significantly correlated to that of the other three drugs; and the correlation was higher between halofantrine and mefloquine. Conclusions: Our results showed that the in vitro chloroquine resistance reported in previous studies has been extended to other antimalarial drugs investigated in this study except for quinine. Therefore; it is necessary to implement a long-term monitoring system of antimalarial drug resistance

Effet des malnutritions mineure et moderee sur les proteines immunitaires; inflammatoires et nutritionnelles chez l'enfant en Cote d'Ivoire

But : le but de cette etude a ete de determiner les perturbations des proteines immunitaire; inflammatoires et nutritionnelles chez 142 enfants dont 42 ont presente une malnutrition (30 malnutris mineurs et 12 moderes). Materiel et methodes : Cette etude a ete realisee en Cote d'Ivoire chez les enfants de 5 a 15 ans. L'etat nutritionnel ou l'etat de malnutrition a ete apprecie par le rapport Poids/Taille qui est de loin le plus utilise. Les proteines immunitaires; inflammatoires et nutritionnelles ont ete dosees par immunodiffusion radiale de Mancini. Resultats : Les resultats de cette etude ont montre que l'Albumine a ete abaissee (p0;05) au cours de la malnutrition moderee et mineure en comparaison aux sujets normonutris. En revanche; il a ete observe une elevation de la CRP dans les deux formes de malnutrition (p0;01). De meme ; l'index pronostique nutritionnel et inflammatoire qui permet d'apprecier simultanement l'etat inflammatoire et nutritionnel (PNI) a ete augmente dans la malnutrition moderee par rapport a la malnutrition mineure (p0;05) et aux sujets normonutris (p0;01). Par ailleurs; les proteines immunitaires restent inchangees dans les deux formes de malnutrition en comparaison aux sujet normonutris (p0;05). Conclusion : Cette etude a montre que les malnutritions moderee et mineure chez les enfants de plus de 5 ans sont accompagnes toujours de processus inflammatoire et d'une consommation proteique notamment l'Albumine. Enfin; ces observations suggerent que la determination du statut nutritionnel avec les parametres anthropometriques (Poids/Taille) necessite l'utilisation des examens biologiques

Antidiarrheal Activity of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Morindamorindoides in Rats

Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the ethyl acetate extract of Morindamorindoides (Baker) Milne-Redh (Rubiaceae) (MM-EA) properties against experimental diarrheoa induced by castor oil in albino Wistar rats. Methods: The ethyl acetate extract of Morinda morindoides (250; 500; and 1000 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to three groups of rats (five animals per group) in order to evaluate the activity of the extract against castor oil-induced diarrhea model in rat. Two other groups received normal saline (5mg/kg) and loperamide (5mg/kg) as positive control. The effect of the extract on intestinal transit and castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) was assessed. Results: At oral doses of 250; 500; and 1000 mg/kg body weight; the plant extract showed pronounced and dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity. The protective role of the extract at 1000 mg/kg was comparable to that of the reference drug; loperamide (5mg/kg). The extract (1000 mg/kg) produced a decrease in intestinal transit comparable to atropine (5mg/kg); and significantly (p0.01) inhibited castor oil-induced enteropooling. No mortality and visible signs of general weakness were observed in the rats following the extract administration of up to a dose of 6000 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results showed that the extract of M. morindoides has a significant antidiarrheal activity which supports its use in traditional herbal medicine practice

Uptake and kinetic properties of choline and ethanolamine in Plasmodium falciparum

Purpose: The asexual proliferation of Plasmodium; inside the erythrocyte; is accompanied by the synthesis of huge quantities of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and phospha- tidylethanolamine (PtdEtn). These needful phospholipids for the cytoplasmic membrane of the merozoites are provided by the precursors choline and ethanolamine. PtdCho and PtdEtn are synthesized by the parasite because the erythrocyte is unable to do it. In order to assess the dynamism of the phospholipid pathways; we aimed to inves- tigate the respective shape of the uptake of choline and ethanolamine by Plasmodium falciparum. Method: Time-course experiments and kinetic assays were performed respectively with fixed and ranged concentrations of radioactively-labelled choline and ethanolamine. The labelled-precursors were added in the culture of P. falciparum infected-erythrocytes and the incorporated molecules in phospholipids were measured with a scintigraph counter. Result: The results showed that the incorpo- ration of precursors in the infected-erythrocyte occurred with a Michaelis-Menten's kinetic shape. According to the maximum rate (Vmax); the pathway of ethanolamine incorpo- ration was faster than that of choline. Similarly; affinity for ethanolamine was greater than that of choline. Conclusion: Although PtdCho is the major phospholipid in the membrane; this study rules out that the influx of ethanolamine in the infected-erythrocyte; in vivo conditions; is more dynamic than choline

Antibacterial Activity of Thonningia sanguinea against some Multi-Drug Resistant Strains of Salmonella enterica

Background : The emergence of strains of S.enterica with multiple drug resistance (MDR) is of great concern worldwide.The extracts of flowers of Thonningia sanguinea are used in traditional medicine in Ivory Coast to treat diarrhoeal diseases including salmonellosis. Previous studies had shown inhibition of the MDR strain Salmonella Enteritidis lysotype 6. Objectives: The present study focused to investigate the effect of the extract of the flowers of Thonningia sanguinea on some clinical MDR strains of Salmonella namely S.Tyhpi; S. Typhimurium; S. Hadar and a sensitive strain (S.Enteritidis). Methods : The antimicrobial parameters were determined by double dilution with agar slant method. This method led us to determine MIC; IC 50 and MBC. Results: The MDR strain of S.Typhimurium presented the highest MIC (2.5 mg/ml) whereas the other two MDR strains (S.Hadar; S.Typhi) and the sensitive one (S.Enteritidis) had the same MIC (1.25 mg/ml). The four strains presented the same MBC (2.5 mg/ml). The MDR strain of S.Typhi is the most susceptible strain to the aqueous extract of the flowers of Thonningia sanguinea according to The IC 50 values. Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea can provide an alternative therapy for the treatment of salmonellosis; mainly for typhoid fever caused by MDR strains of S Typhi. The extract also inhibits S.Hadar a MDR emerging strain in Ivory Coast